Urea Suppliers Australia
Urea Alternative Names:
Carbamide, diaminomethanal, diaminomethanone, carbonyl diamide, carbonyldiamine. CAS number: 57-13-6. Formula: CH4N2O.
Where to buy Urea in Australia
We have compiled a list of Urea suppliers in Australia, including: manufacturers, distributors, wholesale, industrial and bulk suppliers. Use the suppliers website link for prices, more information or to purchase. To find other products or services, use the search box.
| Product | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| Urea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea. Corechem is affiliated with a global network of companies that service the major sectors of the Chemical Industry including Agriculture, Mining, Plastics, Water treatment, Surface Coatings and the Food Industry. Categories: carbamide, carbonyldiamide, iso ureophil, carbonyldiamine. 57-13-6. |  Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Townsville, Brisbane |
| Urea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea is a high-nitrogen fertiliser with low content of biuret, a common containant that interefers with nitrogen metabolism and hinders protein formation in plants. Bisleys low-biuret urea typically contains less than 0.45% biuret w/w and is available in 25kg bags. For specifications, packaging and further product information please contact us. Uses: Low-biuret urea is used for plants that are sensitive to urea, and this product should be applied at the time of sowing. It should not come into contact with seeds, should be used in conjuction with earth or sand and should not be applied to overly wet soil. Group: Agriculture, nitrogen. CAS No. 57-13-6, 2067-80-3. Trading Locations; Sydney, Houston, Dubai, Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. |  |
| Urea 26 Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea solution, 26% N w/v. Uses: Water Treatment, BOD Control, Paper & Pulp Wastewater. SLTEC® is a leading manufacturer of fluid Fertilizers and industrial products. |  SLTEC Industrial |
| Urea, 4x Crystallized, 5 lb Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | BIOCHEMICALS. Code: 0210569505. MP Biomedicals Australia offering Life Sciences, Fine Chemicals and Diagnostics products |  |
| UREA AR Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | 500g Pack UA001-500G 57-13-6 Chem-Supply |  Nationwide, South Australia (SA) |
| UREA BP Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea acts as a humectant, skin penetration enhancer, and as a moisturizing and buffering agent. Uses: Skin care. Group: Personal Care; Cosmetic Raw Materials; Moisturizing Actives. Alternative Name: Urea. Grade: Cosmetic Ingredients. CAS Number: 57-13-6. Pack Sizes: 1kg, 5 kgs, 10kg, 20kg. Similar to: OriStar Urea (Orient Stars LLC). |  Australia & Worldwide |
| Urea (Bulk) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea has long been used in skincare for its unique combination of keratolytic and powerful hydrating properties. This keratolytic (exfoliating) property can be used in cosmetics to help with the rapid turnover of skin cells leading to the improvement of dry and scaly skin. Urea is also part of your skin's "Natural Moisturising Factor" (NMF). The NMF being composed of Lactic Acid and Lactate Salts (usually Sodium Lactate), Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid (PCA), Urea, Metal Ions, Sugars and Amino Acids. This makes urea both a humectant and moisturizer that promotes rehydration of the skin and helps to replenish natural moisture content of the skin. On top of this, it acts as an anti-inflammatory agent on skin that may have a damaged barrier function. Numerous studies have proven the benefits of this ingredient in treating dry, damaged and irritated skin. Ideal for use In: Creams and lotions for dry skin. After-sun products. Shampoos and body washes. Body scrubs. Cracked heal and elbow moisturizers. Hand and foot creams. Formulation Guidelines: Add to the water phase of formulations. Not heat sensitive. Can be disruptive to many emulsification and thickening systems. We recommend trialling use of urea in small batches to avoid wasting raw materials. Group: Active. Alternative Names: Urea. EINECS: 200-315-5. CAS No. 57-13-6. Pack Sizes: 100G; 500G; 1KG; 5KG; 20KG and above upon request. Product ID: RMAAUREA. Material Origin: Synthetic. Recommended Usage: 2 - 15%Solubility: Water soluble, also partially soluble in ethanol and glycerineFormula Tips: Urea is very salty and can substantially compromise emulsion stability if the emulsion hasn't been designed with Urea in mind. If you are considering adding this to your formula start with low levels and split your batch into two, trying the urea in one half and not in the other so you can benchmark the changes that the addition of Urea has on your formula. |  Worldwide |
| UREA crystals, prills Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea Crystals, Prills suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. Categories: Pharmaceutical & Medical, Cleaning Products, Surface Coatings, Agricultural, Agriculture |  NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| UREA - FORMALDEHYDE Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Used mostly as adhesives for the bonding of plywood, particleboard, and other structured wood products. Also used in thermoset applications. Other Names: Urea-formaldehyde. Cas No. 9011-05-6. Chemical Category: Process Aids. PACK SIZES AVAILABLE: 25kg to Bulk amounts |  Australia Wide, offices in Sydney & Melbourne |
| UREA FORMALDEHYDE Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea Formaldehyde suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| Urea LR Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea 500 gm. LABSUPPLY AUSTRALIA. Categories: Lab Supply Australia, Laboratory Reagents Grade. |  Sydney (NSW) |
| Urea LR Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea LR pack sizes: 500 grams. Alternative names: Carrbamide, carbonyldiamide, isorea. CAS # 57-13-6. Silform code: R30558, SDS: SD30558. Categories: Laboratory Reagent Grade. Silform suppliers of chemical reagents, biological materials and equipment. View our best online prices, ABN required to order. |  Silform |
| UREA NITRATE Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea Nitrate suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| UREA PEROXIDE Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea Peroxide suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| Urea Technical Grade (1.5Mm Prills) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea Technical Grade (1.5Mm Prills) - Agriculture Chemicals. SUPPLIERS TO BUSINESS CUSTOMERS ONLY. |  |
| Urea, Ultra Pure (?99%), 2.3 Kg (5 lb), 2.27 Kg Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | ELECTROPHORESIS AND BLOTTING. Code: 04821527. MP Biomedicals Australia offering Life Sciences, Fine Chemicals and Diagnostics products | |
| Urea, Ultra Pure (?99%), 5 Kg Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | ELECTROPHORESIS AND BLOTTING. Code: 04821530. MP Biomedicals Australia offering Life Sciences, Fine Chemicals and Diagnostics products | |
| DIBUTYL THIOUREA Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Dibutyl Thiourea suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| Di Ethyl Thio Urea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Di Ethyl Thio Urea suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. Categories: Water Treatment | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| Di Ethyl Thio Urea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Di Ethyl Thio Urea. With over 30 years experience in the chemical and raw materials industries, we at Corechem maintain a standard of excellence that can grow your business. Categories: N,N'-diethylthiourea, Diethyl thio urea. | Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Townsville, Brisbane |
| DIETHYL THIOUREA Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Diethyl Thiourea suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian suppliers of specialist chemical products. | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| HYDROVANCE (HYDROXYETHYL UREA) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Hydrovance moisturizing agent is a single moisturizing agent that delivers moisturization efficacy comparable to the leading benchmark while offering non-tacky, non-greasy aesthetic in skin care products. Hydrovance moisturizing agent provides excellent moisturization, increases skin elasticity, and enhances tactile sensory properties of formulations. Hydrovance moisturizing agent has broad compatibility, offering cosmetic chemists the freedom to formulate over a wide pH range and with a large variety of raw materials. Uses: Skin care (Anti-aging products, Facial cleansers, Facial creams, Self-tanners Skin lotions, Creams, Self-tanners); Hair Care (Color cosmetics); Foot Care; Toileteries (Antiperspirants, Personal wash products, Wipes, Soap, Liquid soaps); Sun Care (Sunscreens). Group: Raw Materials; Moisturising Actives. Alternative Name: Hydroxyethyl Urea. Grade: Cosmetic Ingredients. CAS Number: 1320-51-0 or 2078-71-9. Pack Sizes: 500 grams, 1kg, 5 kgs, 10kg, 20kg. Similar to: Hydrovance B (AkzoNobel Global Personal Care), OriStar HEU (Orient Stars LLC). | Australia & Worldwide |
| N?-(Aminoiminomethyl)-N,N-dimethylurea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | N?-(Aminoiminomethyl)-N,N-dimethylurea Synonyms: 3-carbamimidoyl-1,1-dimethylurea. N-(N,N-Dimethylcarbamoyl)guanidine. Grades: Reference Material (ISO17034, ISO17025). CAS No. 118632-64-7. Pack Sizes: Gram and Milligram quantities, , 100mg, 200mg, 50mg. Product # EPL-AA234. Epichem suppliers of high-purity Pharmaceutical Reference Standards, Cannabinoids, AgVet chemicals, steroids, and research chemicals. |  Australia |
| NEUROPHROLINE (TEPHROSIA PURPUREA SEED EXTRACT) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Act as radiance promoter, anti-stress and anti-pollution agent. Possesses properties to fight the signs of fatigue & tiredness, promotes the release of relaxing neuropeptides (endorphins) in skin and reduces the redness of the skin. Also, provides a better skin radiance under the eyes, recovery of the skin luminosity and improvement of skin colour. It is water soluble and preservative-free. It is used in Anti-ageing creams, serums, dermo cosmetics products and eye care products. It complies with ECOCERT and COSMOS. Uses: Creams, Emulsions, Masks, Serums, Primers, Lotions, Gels; Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care). Group: Raw Materials; Anti-stress Agents; Radiance Promoters; Anti-pollution Agents; Anti-redness Agents; Brightening Agents. Alternative Name: Tephrosia Purpurea Seed Extract. Grade: Cosmetics. Pack Sizes: 50g, 100g, 250g, 500 grams, 1kg. | Australia & Worldwide |
| Thiourea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian Suppliers of specialist chemical products in Australia. Categories: Agricultural, Agriculture, Mining | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| Thiourea Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea. With over 30 years experience in the chemical and raw materials industries, we at Corechem maintain a standard of excellence that can grow your business. Categories: thiocarbamide, 2- iso pseudo sulfourea, thiuronium, sulourea. 62-56-6. | Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Townsville, Brisbane |
| Thiourea 62-56-6 Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea - Surface Coatings. SUPPLIERS TO BUSINESS CUSTOMERS ONLY. | |
| THIOUREA DIOXIDE Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea Dioxide suppliers. MINIMUM QUANTITY 25 KGS. Australian Suppliers of specialist chemical products in Australia. | NSW, QLD, SA, WA, VIC, TAS |
| Thiourea Dioxide 1758-73-2 Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea Dioxide - Surface Coatings. SUPPLIERS TO BUSINESS CUSTOMERS ONLY. | |
| Thiourea LR Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea 500 gm. LABSUPPLY AUSTRALIA. Categories: Lab Supply Australia, Laboratory Reagents Grade. | Sydney (NSW) |
| Thiourea LR Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Thiourea LR pack sizes: 250 grams. Alternative names: Thiocarbomide. CAS # 62-56-6. UN No: 2811. DG Class: 6.1b. Silform code: R30428, SDS: SD30428. Categories: Laboratory Reagent Grade. Silform suppliers of laboratory reagents and biological materials. View our best online prices, ABN required to order. | Silform |
| THIOUREA Taste test paper (Pack of 100 test papers) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Pack IS141-100S Precision | Nationwide, South Australia (SA) |
| Adclear - N.O.X Reducer Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | ADCLEAR N.O.X Reducing Agent is a Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) like Adblue that comprises of 32.5% w/w solution of ultra pure Urea in demineralised water. Manufactured in Western Australia to certified ISO 9001: 2015 standard meeting ISO 22241-2 Annex B and ISO 3675. AdClear is designed to be injected into the exhaust systems of vehicles fitted with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) to actively lower N.O.X concentrations in the exhaust gas emissions. Supply directly into your vehicles DEF tank using a clean and dedicated fill lines direct from the product container or bulk tank. If you vehicle runs out of AdClear your vehicle will not stop instead the onboard computer will significantly de-rate the engines power and worsen the fuel economy to reduce engine exhaust gas emissions to below a set limit. AdClear has a shelf life of approximately 12 months when stored in the correct conditions. Store in the supplied air tight containers at room temperature and out of sunlight. Pack Sizes: 5 Litre, 20 Litres, 205 Litre Drums, 205 Litre Drums Refi Litre Litre, 1000 Litres. Product ID: AC22241. Chemicals By Industry, Automotive, Chemicals By Industry, Mining, Chemicals By Industry, Workshop. |  Australia Wide |
| ALGAKTIV® RESTORESKN Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | ALGAKTIV® RestoreSKN acts as an anti-aging agent, repairing agent and skin matrix reconstructing agent. RestoreSKN is a blend of lipophilic fractions from green and brown microalgae isolated from extreme oxidative environments, reproduced in closed biotechnology conditions to preserve its natural integrity and encapsulated in liposomes for optimal delivery. RestoreSKN actively promotes the production of collagen, elastin and the skin intrinsic growth factors to rejuvenate and restructureaging skin. Uses: Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care); Anti-Ageing preparations. Group: Raw Materials; Anti-aging Agents; Repairing Agents; Restructuring; Replenishing Agents. Alternative Name: Plankton Extract, Lecithin. Grade: Cosmetics. CAS Number: 91079-57-1, 8002-43-5. Pack Sizes: 50g, 100g, 250g, 500 grams, 1kg. | Australia & Worldwide |
| Blue Power Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Blue Power: High quality Urea solution developed for the automotive SCR catalytic converter for the reduction of emissions in Euro 4 and Euro 5 commercial diesel vehicles. Reduces nitrogen oxide (Nox) into harmless nitrogen and water, increasing power and torque. Categories: Mining, Industrial, Mechanical, Agricultural |  Western Australia |
| Blue Power Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | This is a high quality Urea solution especially developed for the automotive SCR catalytic converter and used for the reduction of emissions in Euro 4 and Euro 5 commercial diesel vehicles. By injecting Blue Power directly into the exhaust system to combine with exhaust gasses in the catalytic converter all harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) are immediately reduced into harmless nitrogen and water. This results in increased power and torque along with an extended service lifetime for vehicles. Uses: Fuel & Oil Treatments. Product ID: 169. Categories: Fuel & Oil Treatments. | Western Australia |
| Calcium thiosulfate Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Calcium thiosulfate is a great source of calcium, nitrogen and sulfur, all of which are essential for many crops. Thiosulfates are compatible with most liquid NPK sources, provide a more rapid oxidation than elemental sources and are available as a soluble powder or solution. Bisley exclusively represents Asias single largest thiosulfate producer with wide global approvals and export history including over a decade of supply to Australian agricultural growers. Uses: Calcium thiosulfate is used as a fertiliser, enhancing micronutrient availability and slowing soil urease & slow nitrification. Group: Agriculture. CAS No. 10124-41-1. Trading Locations; Sydney, Houston, Dubai, Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. | |
| Cornflower Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Cornflower. Group: Herbal Extracts - HG (Hydro Glyceric). Botanical Names: Centaurea cyanus. Supplied by Natural Ingredients Australia. Sizes depending on the product - range from 500mls to 1000 litres. |  Australia, NZ |
| NFuric 28 Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea-Sulphuric acid solution. Uses: Water Treatment, pH Adjustment, Decalcification. SLTEC® is a leading manufacturer of fluid Fertilizers and industrial products. | SLTEC Industrial |
| PATCH20 Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Acts as a moisturization active. It is a molecular network of natural biopolymers with a high concentration of a moisturizing complex containing glycerin, serine, trehalose and urea. Offers optimal hydration by forming a molecular mesh, like a protective film reducing water evaporation. This micro-network is loaded with a moisturizing complex, which is gradually released into the heart of the stratum corneum to rebalance the optimal skin moisture level. It is recommended for all skin care applications claiming immediate skin hydration, for dry skin treatments as well as in support of anti-aging skin care ranges. Uses: Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care). Group: Raw Materials; Moisturising Actives. Alternative Name: Water, Glycerin, Trehalose, Urea, Serine, Pentylene Glycol, Glyceryl Polyacrylate, Algin, Caprylyl Glycol, Sodium Hyaluronate, Pullulan, Disodium Phosphate, Potassium Phosphate. Grade: Cosmetic Ingredients. CAS Number: 7732-18-5, 56-81-5, 99-20-7, 57-13-6, 56-45-1, 5343-92-0, 104365-75-5, 9005-38-3, 1117-86-8, 9067-32-7, 9057-02-7, 7558-79-4, 7778-77-0. Pack Sizes: 50g, 100g, 250g, 500 grams, 1kg, 5 kgs. | Australia & Worldwide |
| Salicylic Acid (Bulk) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Salicylic Acid is a restricted active and can be dangeous or even toxic if used innappropriately. Some people have salicylate allergies and can react to products containing this chemistry. Information: This additive is used in skin-care products for treating acne and pimple-prone skin, as well as various skin problems, such as warts, corns, calluses and psoriasis. It is also commonly used in dandruff shampoos. This is because of the acid's ability to cause skin cells to slough off, facilitating new skin cell growth, unclogging pores and removing overgrown skin cells. Usage Instructions: A maximum level of 2% is permitted in adult formulations that are to be left on the skin and 3% as a max for rinse off products. The ingredient is not to be used in products targeting children under the age of three except as part of the preservative or shampoo. Formulating Tips: Salicylic acid can be very tricky to add into an emulsion formulation (A cream or lotion) as it is not that soluble in water or oils. One option is to neutralise it into sodium salicylate by reacting it with Sodium Hydroxide. This will fizz in water until the reaction is complete, the salt is just as effective for the skin as the acid but has less solubility issues. Otherwise you can try dispersing it beforehand into a suitable solvent. Propylene Glycol and glycerine can help as can adding what is known as a hydrotrope (to improve solubility). Examples of this are urea and/ or Sodium Citrate. Group: Active. Alternative Names: Salicylic Acid. EINECS: 200-712-3. CAS No. 69-72-7. Pack Sizes: 100G; 500G; 1KG; 5KG; 20KG and above upon request. Product ID: RMAAACIDSALI. Format: This is supplied as a 100% active powder.Assay: Min 99%. | Worldwide |
| SODIUM COCOYL ISETHIONATE POWDER Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Acts as a mild anionic surfactant. It is based on fatty acid and sodium isethionate. Used in personal cleansing, bath and shower products like bar and liquid soaps. Uses: Toiletries (Shower, Bath, Oral care, Foam bath). Group: Raw Materials; Surfactants; Cleansing Agents. Alternative Name: Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate. Grade: Cosmetics. CAS Number: 61789-32-0. Pack Sizes: 1kg, 5 kgs, 10kg, 20kg. Similar to: Elfan AT 84 (AkzoNobel Global Personal Care);, Elfan AT 84 G (AkzoNobel Global Personal Care);, Pureact I-78 (Innospec Performance Chemicals). | Australia & Worldwide |
| Sodium PCA 50% (Bulk) Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Origin: Derived from Amino Acids which are sourced from sugar and modified using biotechnology. Activity: 50%. Solubility: Water soluble. Heat Stability: Good - can be added into the water phase prior to heating but avoid temperatures over 75C. Use Levels: 1-3%. Sodium PCA is hygroscopic, attracting moisture from the air. It is used as a moisturizer (humectant) for hair and skin care products. It is a stronger hydrating agent than the traditional compounds used for this purpose, such as glycerine, propylene glycol, or sorbitol. Sodium PCA is also part of your skin's "Natural Moisturising Factor" (NMF). The NMF being composed of Lactic Acid and Lactate Salts (usually Sodium Lactate), Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid (PCA), Urea, Metal Ions, Sugars and Amino Acids. This combination may vary in exact composition depending on many internal and external factors but generally can be considered a powerful moisturiser. It has been found to reduce fly-away in hair products and to improve the condition of hair and skin in both rinse off and leave on formulations. Group: Active. Alternative Names: Sodium PCA, Aqua. EINECS: 249-277-1, 231-791-2. CAS No. 28874-51-3, 7732-18-5. Pack Sizes: 100G; 500G; 1KG; 5KG; 20KG and above upon request. Product ID: RMAASODIPCA50. | Worldwide |
| TRUFEEL QUADREGA Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | A readily biodegradable conditioner with low aquatic toxicity. It is based on potato starch und has excellent conditioning properties for all hair types without buildup. In shower gel applications, it leaves a softening and lasting film on the skin. Uses: Hair Care (Shampoo, Leave on conditioner) Skin care (Handsoap) Toiliteries (Shower Gel). Group: Raw Materials; Hair Conditioning. Alternative Name: Aqua, Starch Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, Urea, Sodium Lactate, Lactic Acid, Sodium Chloride, Glycerin, Levulinic Acid, p-Anisic Acid. Grade: Cosmetic Ingredients. CAS Number: 7732-18-5, 56780-58-6, 57-13-6, 72-17-3, 79-33-4, 7647-14-5, 56-81-5, 123-76-2, 100-09-4. Pack Sizes: 250g, 500 grams, 1kg, 5 kgs, 10kg, 20kg. | Australia & Worldwide |
| UAN Quick enquiry Where to buy Suppliers range | Urea Ammonium Nitrate solution, 42.5% N w/v. Uses: Water Treatment, BOD Control, Paper & Pulp Wastewater. Alternative Names: Urea Ammonium Nitrate solution. SLTEC® is a leading manufacturer of fluid Fertilizers and industrial products. | SLTEC Industrial |